Portugal
PRTHydro overtook wind on Portugal's grid in 2024.
Today hydro supplies 30% and wind 27%.
What this grid depends on
Three measures that say more about a country than how much power it makes. Open “what this means” on any of them if the term is new.
Among the cleanest electricity anywhere.
What this means
How much planet-warming gas is released to make one unit of electricity. Two countries can generate exactly the same amount and one of them be ten times dirtier doing it. Lower is better.
Portugal buys in more electricity than it sends out.
What this means
The share of the electricity used here that was generated abroad and carried in over high-voltage lines. The higher it climbs, the more this country relies on a neighbour to keep its lights on.
A mix of fuel produced at home and fuel bought in.
What this means
How much of what this grid runs on the country can supply itself. Sun, wind and water count fully, because nobody can cut them off; coal, gas and oil only as far as the country digs them up. A high score is not the same as a good grid: mining your own coal scores well, importing uranium scores badly.
Also true of Portugal
Portugal's electricity is cleaner than the world average.
128 grams of CO2e a kilowatt-hour against a world figure of 458 — 72% below.
Hydro overtook gas on Portugal's grid in 2023.
Today hydro supplies 30% and gas 16%.
Portugal has cleaned up its grid faster than most people realise.
Low-carbon electricity went from 59% to 81% in 5 years.
Portugal’s neighbours
SpainSolar overtook wind on Spain's grid in 2025.
FranceFrance is first in the world for nuclear.
MoroccoMorocco is among the world's biggest wind and solar producers and still burns fossil fuels for most of its power.
NetherlandsThe Netherlands has taken the carbon out of its electricity fast.
IrelandIreland is among the world's biggest wind and solar producers and still burns fossil fuels for most of its power.
Figures are for 2025, the most recent year reported for Portugal. Generation shares are a percentage of electricity generated, not of energy used. How this is calculated.