Turkey
TURCoal overtook gas on Turkey's grid in 2022.
Today coal supplies 34% and gas 22%.
What this grid depends on
Three measures that say more about a country than how much power it makes. Open “what this means” on any of them if the term is new.
Cleaner than 5 in 10 grids worldwide.
What this means
How much planet-warming gas is released to make one unit of electricity. Two countries can generate exactly the same amount and one of them be ten times dirtier doing it. Lower is better.
Turkey generates almost exactly what it uses, with next to nothing crossing its borders.
What this means
Electricity can be sold across a border like anything else, through high-voltage lines connecting one country's grid to the next. Buying it in means leaning on a neighbour to keep the lights on. Selling it means generating more than the country needs.
More of its fuel is bought in than produced at home.
What this means
How much of what this grid runs on the country can supply itself. Sun, wind and water count fully, because nobody can cut them off; coal, gas and oil only as far as the country digs them up. A high score is not the same as a good grid: mining your own coal scores well, importing uranium scores badly.
Also true of Turkey
Turkey is first in Asia for wind.
Wind supplies 11% of its electricity.
Turkey is among the world's biggest wind and solar producers and still burns fossil fuels for most of its power.
22% of its electricity is wind and solar; 57% is still fossil. Both are true at once, and that tension is the whole story of the transition.
Turkey has no dominant fuel at all.
Its largest single source supplies just 34% of the grid.
Turkey’s neighbours
IranIran gets next to none of its electricity from coal, in a region built on it.
IraqGas overtook oil on Iraq's grid in 2018.
AzerbaijanAzerbaijan generates no coal electricity at all, in a region built on it.
SyriaGas overtook oil on Syria's grid in 2023.
GeorgiaGeorgia generates no coal electricity at all, in a region built on it.
Figures are for 2025, the most recent year reported for Turkey. Generation shares are a percentage of electricity generated, not of energy used. How this is calculated.