Finland
FINFinland has taken the carbon out of its electricity fast.
182 grams of CO2e a kilowatt-hour in 2015, 57 in 2025.
What this grid depends on
Three measures that say more about a country than how much power it makes. Open “what this means” on any of them if the term is new.
Among the cleanest electricity anywhere.
What this means
How much planet-warming gas is released to make one unit of electricity. Two countries can generate exactly the same amount and one of them be ten times dirtier doing it. Lower is better.
Finland buys in more electricity than it sends out.
What this means
The share of the electricity used here that was generated abroad and carried in over high-voltage lines. The higher it climbs, the more this country relies on a neighbour to keep its lights on.
More of its fuel is bought in than produced at home.
What this means
How much of what this grid runs on the country can supply itself. Sun, wind and water count fully, because nobody can cut them off; coal, gas and oil only as far as the country digs them up. A high score is not the same as a good grid: mining your own coal scores well, importing uranium scores badly.
Also true of Finland
Wind overtook hydro on Finland's grid in 2024.
Today wind supplies 27% and hydro 15%.
Finland uses far more electricity per person than countries at its income level.
15,610 kWh a year, against a median of 6,775 across the 43 high-income countries here.
Wind overtook bioenergy on Finland's grid in 2023.
Today wind supplies 27% and bioenergy 13%.
Finland’s neighbours
Figures are for 2025, the most recent year reported for Finland. Generation shares are a percentage of electricity generated, not of energy used. How this is calculated.